IWF - Mill Corner

<body> <font id="role_document" face="Arial" size="2"> <div class="Section1"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt" align="center"> <font face="Times New Roman"><b><i> <span style="font-size: 36pt; font-family: Nueva Roman">Mill Corne</span></i></b><i><span style="font-size: 36pt; font-family: Nueva Roman">r, <b>South Acton</b></span></i></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt" align="center"> <i><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></i></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt" align="center"> <i><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Adapted from a display originally done by Robert Nylander in 1977.</font></span></i></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt" align="center"> <i><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></i></p> <i><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <br style="page-break-before: always" clear="all">  </span></i><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <font face="Times New Roman"> <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Nueva Roman">On the 4th of March, 1702, Ephraim Jones, Samuel Jones and Jonathan Knight </span> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman">signed and sealed eight articles of agreement establishing themselves a partnership to develop the 600 acres of the Iron Work Farm, near Concord, that they had purchased the previous September.</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">This was the beginning of South Acton and its long history of business and commerce, and was, in fact, the earliest concerted effort to make a settlement in the present town of Acton.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">And the business interest specifically established by the agreement of 1702, although its ownership and character have changed over the years, is still operating after 275 years.*</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">By the Articles of Agreement, Ephraim Jones owned half interest in the venture, and Samuel Jones and Jonathan Knight a quarter interest each, the two halves being specifically laid out as ownership of mills on the south and north ends of the dam.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">In 1732 Jonathan Knight’s heir sold his interest to Ephraim Jones’ heir and the latter, Ephraim Jones, Jr., sold to Ammi Ruhamah Faulkner in 1742; thus giving Jones ad Faulkner joint ownership of the mills on the north end of the dam and Faulkner sole ownership of the mills on the south end.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <i><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">                    *Erikson Grain Mill is still operating on the site of this original business interest after 300 years.</font></span></i><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt">  <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt" align="center"> <font id="role_document0" face="Arial" size="2"><b> <span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Views of the Mills taken in 1969</font></span></b></font><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0pt" align="center"> <img border="0" src="images/Erikson.jpg" width="468" height="342"></div> </font> <font id="role_document1" face="Arial" size="2"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The Grist Mill</font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Sometimes called the “Corn Mill”, was built in about 1750 by Ammi Ruhamah Faulkner and was owned by him until 1756; then by his sons Francis and Ammi jointly; by his grandson Winthrop Faulkner; and then finally by the latter’s son Winthrop E. Faulkner. By the late 18th century the mill stones for grinding flour <i>(French buhr stones) </i>were operated by a “tub” water wheel, a horizontal undershot wheel located under the mill building.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Winthrop E. Faulkner enlarged the grist mill building to a three-story structure, with a cupola, probably in the 1840s, ad in about 1870 increased its efficiency by installing “Blake’s Patent and Improved Water Wheel, manufactures by Blake Brothers, East Pepperell, Mass.”, an iron turbine, in principle and advancement on the old “tub” wheel.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">As business flourished under his son-in-law Charles Harrington’s management, a tall grain elevator was added to the building over the railroad siding.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The old grist mill building and the grain elevator building (except for its brick first story) were destroyed by fire on the 26th of September 1976.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The Potash Works </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">and </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">the Blacksmith Shop</font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">In addition to the fulling, saw and grist mills, there was a Potash Works in the mill yard, where wood ashes were purified to prepare them for use in making soap. This is first mentioned in 1787, when Ammi Faulkner willed it to his brother Francis. The Jones accounts in 1798 show that Francis Faulkner and Aaron Jones paid John Goldsmith for repairs to and “smithwork” for it, and that James Hapgood settled his account by paying “5 cord of pine wood for the Potash - $8.34. “</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The exact location of the Potash Works in the mill yard is not know.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The Blacksmith Shop was apparently the small building shown in its own enclosure in the saw mill yard in the 1831 plan. It is mentioned in an 1856 deed as being then occupied by Aaron Hayward.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <br style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always" clear="all">  </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The Dam</font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">was first built in 1702, utilizing the natural waterfall of the brook and was evidently made of stone and wood, for Faulkner accounts as late as 1813 mention repairing it with wood.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Acton Town Meeting Warrant, 1740:</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">“To know whether the town will insist on Mr. Faulkner opening his dam 30 days in the year as the law directs, where alewives and fish pass in great plenty.”</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">After four years of the town’s insisting that it should be opened, Ammi Ruhamah Faulkner and Samuel Jones, as owners, took the problem to the Middlesex Superior Court, which found that the dam was “so formed in Nature” that opening it would cause “an unspeakable damage” which “cannot... ever serve the Public or any Private Interest.” Evidence presented to the Court also noted that no alewives had been seen in the brook for over twenty years.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The present height of the dam was established by Robert Lewis Davis, Civil Engineer, in 1848, and its all stone construction dates from that period.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <br style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always" clear="all">  </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The Fulling Mill</font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">was built by Ephraim Jones in 1702 and was in operation by 1704. Here the rough home made cloth was washed and thickened up into finished material, only one of the processes of the clothier’s trade. The rest of Jones’ textile business was carried on in his house (the Faulkner House), where he had his wool cards, spinning wheels, looms , clothier’s press and shears, and the dye kettles.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">After Ephraim Jones’’ death in 1710 the fulling mill was operated by Joseph Fletcher (who married Jones’ widow) till about 1728, and then by John Shepard.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">In 1738 Ammi Ruhamh Faulkner leased the business and bought it four years later. He and his sons and grandson were all clothiers by trade and operated the mill for almost a century:  Ammi Ruhamah Faulkner, from 1738 to 1751, and in partnership with his son Francis Faulkner, from 1751 to 1756; Francis Faulkner in partnership with his brother Ammi Faulkner, from 1757 to 1787, Francis Faulkner, from 1787 to 1805, Winthrop Faulkner from 1805 to 1813.  The heirs of Winthrop Faulkner leased the business out until his son Winthrop E. Faulkner came of age in 1826 and assumed control.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The business as carried on in the late 1700s and early 1800s is described in the biography of Col. Francis Faulkner:</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">“...a fulling mill, which was among the very earliest efforts at the manufacture of woolen cloth in this country. There was first a carding machine which changed, as by magic, the wool into beautiful rolls. These were distributed to many house to be spun and woven into rough woolen cloth and returned to the mill. Here the cloth was fulled under stampers with soap, which made it foam and helped cleanse and thicken it up. The process of raising the nap with teasels was exceedingly interesting. The teasel was a product of nature.... It seemed expressly and wonderfully created for that very process. Then came the shearing off all the inequalities by the swift-revolving shears and the final finishing-up into cloth.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">When the wool was of fine quality and evenly spun, the result was a passable broadcloth of great durability.”</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"><b> <span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Fulling Mill – Plaster Mill</font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">with the coming of the Industrial Revolution and the great textile mills of Lowell and elsewhere, (in which the Faulkners as clothiers, played a significant part), the fulling mill was discontinued in the 1840s.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The mill building was converted to a Plaster Mill, where blocks of gypsum were ground into a powder which was used by farmers on their ploughed soil and was beneficial to growing crops.</font></span></p> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <br style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always" clear="all">  </span></b><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"> <b><span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">The Saw Mill</font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">was first built in about 1706 by the Jones and Knight partnership, down stream from the fulling mill, apparently near the corner of Parker and River Streets where the forge of the “New Iron Works” was set up two years later.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">After 1728, when the forge site was abandoned, Samuel Jones and Ephraim Jones, Jr., moved it up stream to the more central location at the north end of the fulling mill dam. A New saw mill building was built in about 1812 by Aaron Jones and Winthrop Faulkner.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Through the 18th and early 19th centuries the saw mill and lumber yard were owned in halves by the Joneses and the Faulkners, but were managed but the Joneses:</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Samuel Jones, from 1732 to 1802,</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Aaron Jones from 1802 to 1828,</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in -22.5pt 0pt 0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <font face="Times New Roman"> <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Nueva Roman">“Mr. Jones has accomplished as much, perhaps more, active business than any other man in Acton. His farm, cooper shop, mill and lumber yard received his early and abundant attention.”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> </span><font size="3"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Nueva Roman'">from obituary of Aaron Jones, 1836</span></i></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Abel Jones from 1828 to 1851,</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in -22.5pt 0pt 0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <font face="Times New Roman"> <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Nueva Roman">“We enter the saw mill and have a little conversation with Mr. Abel Jones, who is patiently at work upon the great pile of logs which the farmers have delivered to be transformed by his old-fashioned up-and-down saw into boards and timbers of various sizes.”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman">  </span><font size="3"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Nueva Roman'">from South Acton in 1840</span></i></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">Abel Jones sold his interest to Winthrop E. Faulkner in 1851, and the building was evidently enlarged or rebuilt at about that time.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">In the late 1800s it was operated by Aaron Marshall Jones, who was “one of the best mechanics in this town and was an excellent sawyer”, and in the early 1900s it was run by Charles M. Kimball.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">From the 1850s, the second story space was rented out to various other manufacturers, one of whom was Aaron Hayward:</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">“Mr. A. Hayward [has] an iron machine shop and a pencil factory.”</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"><i> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Nueva Roman'"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">                                                             -from New York Herald, 23 June 1853</font></span></i></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">In 1860 Brooks & Knight and S. M. Stedson (products not specified) occupied the space, and in 1865 Warren Miles:</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">“Her Miles makes his pencils which make their own mark in the world.”</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><i> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Nueva Roman'">                                                            -from newspaper cutting, undated [?c. 1875]</span></i></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 24pt"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Nueva Roman"> <font face="Times New Roman">In 1932 the building was taken apart and was rebuilt as the house now at 274 School Street.</font></span></p> </font> <p> </p> </body>